Basics of dual citizenship
Dual citizenship has many aspects that you need to consider. To fully understand the current regulations and the upcoming changes in June 2024, it is helpful to look at both the definition and the historical development of multiple nationality.
What is dual citizenship?
Dual citizenship refers to the legal recognition of a person as a citizen of two countries. In Germany, the legal framework for this is particularly complex and has so far been subject to strict restrictions, which are to be relaxed with the new law in 2024.
Historical overview and legal developments
Until 2024, German citizenship law has developed continuously. Originally strictly against multiple nationalities, various adjustments have been made over the years to take account of changing global and social conditions. This development is reflected in the upcoming changes to the law, which promise a more liberal approach to dual citizenship.
Naturalization with dual citizenship in 2024?
Dual citizenship with new naturalization law
When the new Naturalization Act comes into force on 27 June 2024, the conditions for obtaining dual citizenship in Germany will change significantly. This law introduces significant changes that will make it easier for applicants to retain their original citizenship in addition to German citizenship.
What will change for dual citizenship under the new law
The new Naturalization Act brings with it specific changes that directly affect dual citizenship:
- Abolition of the obligation to retain citizenship: Under the old law, you had to give up your citizenship in accordance with Section 10 (4) StAG in order to become German. This is no longer the case with the new law, as are the exceptions in Section 12 StAG.
- Legalization of dual citizenship: With the new law, dual citizenship is legally permitted and there is no longer an obligation to choose between citizenships.
- Simplification of the application process: The application processes will be streamlined, making it quicker and less complicated to obtain German citizenship alongside an existing one.
How to use Naturalization with two passports thanks to new legislation
The implementation of the new law has concrete consequences for people seeking dual citizenship:
- Simplified criteria for Naturalization: Applicants must meet less stringent criteria in order to retain both citizenships. These include requirements for length of residence and language skills.
- Long-term planning security: The option of retaining both passports gives those wishing to naturalize more security with regard to their legal and professional future in Germany and their country of origin.
- Integration and participation: Dual citizenship promotes political and social integration, as it allows citizens to vote in elections in both countries and thus actively participate in social life.
Requirements and application for the double passport
Who can apply for dual citizenship in Germany?
In Germany, there are specific requirements for applying for dual citizenship. Here are the five main ways in which you can obtain dual citizenship:
Dual citizenship by birth:
- Duration of residence: At least 5 years of legal residence in Germany.
- Settlement permitPossession of a valid Settlement permit at the time of the child's birth.
Dual nationality by descent:
- Proof of descent: Proof that you inherit your nationality from your parents or grandparents. This is possible if the parents or grandparents have different nationalities.
Dual nationality through Naturalization:
- New law: With the new law, you can keep your previous citizenship and have multiple citizenships at Naturalization in Germany.
Dual nationality through marriage:
- Duration of residence: At least 3 years of legal residence in Germany.
- Duration of marriage: Married to a German spouse for at least 2 years.
Dual nationality through investment:
- Investment: Acquisition of real estate, companies or other qualified investments in Germany that may entitle the applicant to apply for German citizenship.
Step-by-step guide to submitting an application
The process for applying for a double passport in Germany involves several steps and is identical to the application for a double passport except for a few details. Naturalization
Here is a summary of the process for you:
Checking the requirements:
- Make sure that you meet one of the five requirements.
Collecting the necessary documents:
- Documents such as proof of residence, Settlement permit, proof of parentage, marriage certificates, etc.
Application form:
- Obtain and complete the relevant application form from the website of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees or the relevant naturalization authority.
Submission of the application:
- Appointment and personal submission of the documents to the competent authority.
Editing process:
- The processing time may vary. It is possible to check the status of the application with the authority.
Conclusion of the procedure:
- If the decision is positive, you will receive confirmation of your dual citizenship and become a German citizen with a dual passport.
Advantages and disadvantages of dual citizenship
The benefits of dual citizenship have evolved over time, especially as many countries, including Germany, have adapted their laws to allow dual citizenship. With the introduction of the new Naturalization Act in Germany in June 2024, the opportunities for citizens will be further expanded.
Advantages of dual citizenship
The main advantages of the double pass include:
- Political rights:
Right to vote: the opportunity to vote and be politically active in both countries.
- Civil liberties:
Visa-free travel: Easier access to other countries without the need for a visa.
- Extended work options:
Labor market access: Possibility to work in both countries without an additional work permit.
- Tax advantages:
Optimization of the tax burden: possibility of registering for tax purposes in the country that offers more favorable tax rates.
- Property rights:
Acquisition of property: right to own property in one or both countries.
Possible disadvantages and challenges
Despite the many advantages, there are also challenges and potential disadvantages associated with dual citizenship:
- Legal complications:
Double tax liability: Possible tax liability in both countries, even if you can choose where you pay tax.
Military service: Compulsory military service exists in some countries and could apply to dual nationals.
- Administrative challenges:
Increased controls: Stricter monitoring and controls in countries that do not fully support dual citizenship.
Complex bureaucracy: The application process can be lengthy and costly due to complicated laws.
Here is a video explaining the advantages and disadvantages of dual citizenship:
Practical tips and important considerations
Successfully applying for dual citizenship requires careful preparation and the collection of various important documents. With a few simple tips, the application process will run more smoothly for you.
Necessary documents and administrative procedures
Here is a detailed list and description of the necessary documents:
- Valid passport and identity card: Current documents from your current country of residence.
- Birth certificate: Official birth certificate to confirm your identity and parentage.
- Proof of residence: Documents that prove your long-term stay in the country (e.g. rental contracts, invoices).
- Settlement permit or other visa documents: Required for non-EU citizens.
- Language certificates: Proof of language skills according to the requirements of the country.
- Proof of income: Proof of stable income or financial means.
- Proof of social integration: Can be provided by participation in social, cultural or voluntary activities.
It is important that all documents are up-to-date, complete and, if necessary, officially translated and notarized.
Tips for a smooth process
To make the application process for the double passport as smooth as possible and avoid common mistakes, you should follow these tips:
- Early preparation: Start collecting all the necessary documents as early as possible.
- Double check the requirements: Make sure you understand the specific requirements for dual citizenship in both countries.
- Consult with experts: Consider consulting a lawyer or consultant who specializes in immigration law.
- Organize your documents: Keep all documents organized and easily accessible to speed up the process when visiting authorities.
- Update your information regularly: Keep an eye on changes in the legislation of both countries that could affect your citizenship applications.
- Maintain patience: The process can be lengthy, and it's important to remain patient and proactive throughout.
Conclusion on the 2024 double pass
With the new Naturalization Act, which comes into force in June 2024, Germany is facilitating access to dual citizenship. This change reflects a more modern view of globalization and migration by allowing citizens to live fully integrated in Germany without losing their original citizenship. The benefits range from political rights and visa-free travel to better job opportunities and tax advantages.
Despite this simplification, you must be aware of challenges such as double tax obligations and possible military obligations. You should inform yourself thoroughly and prepare for the process in order to benefit optimally from the new regulations. Overall, the law promotes greater integration and allows dual passports without exceptions.
Do you have any questions?
FAQ - Frequently asked questions about dual citizenship
In Germany, people can obtain dual citizenship under certain conditions. This includes:
- Persons who automatically acquire German citizenship and that of another country at birth (born in Germany to foreign parents or born abroad to German parents).
- People who acquire German citizenship through Naturalization , while the new law from June 2024 will allow them to retain their original citizenship.
- Spouses of German nationals and persons who have resided in Germany for many years, under certain circumstances.
The new law on dual citizenship in Germany comes into force on June 27, 2024. This law allows naturalization applicants to retain their original citizenship, which was only possible in exceptional cases under the old law.
Many countries allow dual citizenship, including the USA, the UK, France, Canada, Australia, Switzerland and many others. However, laws can vary by country, and some states only allow it in specific circumstances or require citizens to obtain permission before taking on a new citizenship.
Dual citizenship is recognized for several reasons, including globalization, the increasing mobility of people and the recognition of the benefits it offers to individuals. It makes it easier for people to live and work in several countries, strengthens cultural and economic ties between states and supports individual and family connections across national borders.
In Germany, citizens of all countries can in principle have dual citizenship as long as the laws of their home country also allow it. The new law from 2024 will make it easier for naturalization applicants to retain their original citizenship, which previously often meant that only citizens of certain countries (based on bilateral agreements or exemptions) could retain their original citizenship.
